MA0044 & INSTITUTIONAL BANKING

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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2014
PROGRAM
MBADS (SEM 4/SEM 6)MBAFLEX/ MBA (SEM 4)
PGDBMN (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
MA0044 &INSTITUTIONAL BANKING
BK ID
B1818
CREDITS
4
MARKS
60


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q.1. Institutional banking refers to meeting the financial needs of the institutional clients by financial institutions, including commercial banks. Explain the challenges of institutional banking.

Answer:Institutional Banking is a specialized division within a bank that offers a comprehensive suite of products and services for large institutions both locally and abroad. In particular they can provide complex financing and advisory functions for corporate and government clients who may require tailored capital products. In addition they may also advise on surrounding debt, equity capital markets, risk management and transactional banking.

Institutional banking usually incorporates services such as evaluating mergers & acquisitions, investments and divestments, managing treasuries etc. Institutional banking helps clients to create corporate strategies and develop opportunities for growth on a national and global level. Institutional banking provides clients with



Q.2. Explain the role of Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) in infrastructure Development. What is Risk mitigation? Write the simplification of procedures and removing red-tapism.

Answer:A DFI is defined as "an institution promoted or assisted by Government mainly to provide development finance to one or more sectors or sub-sectors of the economy.” The institution distinguishes itself by a judicious balance between commercial norms of operation, as adopted by any private financial institution, and developmental obligations. DFIs adopt the "project approach" - emphasizing the viability of the project to be financed – against the "collateral approach". Apart from provision of long-term loans, equity capital, guarantees and underwriting functions, a development bank normally is also expected to upgrade the managerial and the other operational pre-requisites of the assisted projects.

Thus, the basic emphasis of a DFI is on long-term finance for industrial and infrastructure projects and on assistance for activities or sectors of the economy where the risks are higher than what the other traditional financial institutions like banks may be willing to assume. In fact, in the olden days, banks were only meeting the short term working capital needs of trade and business and were generally averse to lending for the long term.



Q.3. Explain the legal structure of Micro Finance in India (MFI). Explain the challenges faced by MFI.

Answer:Microfinance is a source of financial services for entrepreneurs and small businesses lacking access to banking and related services. The two main mechanisms for the delivery of financial services to such clients are:
(1) relationship-based banking for individual entrepreneurs and small businesses; and
(2) group-based models, where several entrepreneurs come together to apply for loans and other services as a group.

In some regions, for example Southern Africa, microfinance is used to describe the supply of financial services to low-income employees, which is closer to the retail finance model prevalent in mainstream banking.

For some, microfinance is a movement whose object



Q.4. Explain the major considerations in trade finance. Explain the methods of payment in international trade. Write the services available for exporters.

Answer:Trade Finance is a specific topic within the financial services industry. It's much different, for example, than commercial lending, mortgage lending or insurance. A product is sold and shipped overseas, therefore, it takes longer to get paid. Extra time and energy is required to make sure that buyers are reliable and creditworthy. Also, foreign buyers - just like domestic buyers - prefer to delay payment until they receive and resell the goods. Due diligence and careful financial management can mean the difference between profit and loss on each transaction.

The following factors and considerations apply to financing in general.

Financing can make the sale: Favorable payment terms make a product more competitive. If the competition offers better terms and has a similar product, a sale can be lost.In other cases, the exporter may need financing to produce the goods or to finance other aspects of a sale, such as promotion and selling costs, engineering


Q.5. Write brief introduction of International Development Association (IDA). Explain the operations of IDA and financial support to India by IDA.

Answer:The International Development Association (IDA) is an international financial institution which offers concessional loans and grants to the world's poorest developing countries. The IDA is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States. It was established in 1960 to complement the existing International Bank for Reconstruction and Development by lending to developing countries which suffer from the lowest gross national income, from troubled creditworthiness, or from the lowest per capita income. Together, the International Development Association and International Bank for Reconstruction and Development are collectively generally known as the World Bank, as they follow the same executive leadership and operate with the same staff.


Q.6. Explain the role of technology in Institutional Banking. Write the advantages of technology in Institutional Banking.

Answer:The Investment Banking division is a sector that works on bringing together the advisory and financing, equity securities, asset management, treasury and capital markets, and private equity activities of any group to complete the CIBM structure, while also providing a complete list of financial products to the clients they serve. There are increasing number of banking and institutional services that are being considered by several customers as they work closely with different projects such as finance exporting, both onshore and offshore, to provide structured solutions.

The clients are well serviced by dedicated client servicing teams, which combine relationship managers, product specialists, and industry specialists to develop customized financial solutions. These small groups, in turn, form the

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MA0043 &CORPORATE BANKING

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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2014
PROGRAM
MBADS (SEM 4/SEM 6) MBAFLEX/ MBA (SEM 4)
PGDBMN (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
MA0043 &CORPORATE BANKING
BK ID
B1817
CREDITS
4
MARKS
60


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q.1. Corporate banking refers to financial services offered to large clients. Give the meaning of corporate banking. Explain the advantages of corporate banking. Explain different types of lending and loans & advances.

Answer:The corporate banking segment of banks typically serves a diverse range of clients, ranging from small to mid-sized local businesses with a few millions in revenues to large conglomerates with billions in sales and offices across the country. Commercial banks offer the following products and services to corporations and other financial institutions:

·         Loans and other credit products – this is typically the biggest area of business within corporate banking, and as noted earlier, one of the biggest sources of profit and risk for a bank.



Q.2. Explain the features and various aspects of project finance. Write the main characteristics of project financing.

Answer: Project finance is the long-term financing of infrastructure and industrial projects based upon the projected cash flows of the project rather than the balance sheets of its sponsors. Usually, a project financing structure involves a number of equity investors, known as 'sponsors', as well as a 'syndicate' of banks or other lending institutions that provide loans to the operation. They are most commonly non-recourse loans, which are secured by the project assets and paid entirely from project cash flow, rather than from the



Q.3. Finance is the life and blood of domestic and international business. Explain the pre-shipment finance.

Answer:FINANCE IS THE LIFE AND BLOOD OF ANY BUSINESS. Success or failure of any export order mainly depends upon the finance available to execute the order. Nowadays export finance is gaining great significance in the field of international finance. Many Nationalized as well as Private Banks are taking measures to help the exporter by providing them pre-shipment and post- shipment finance at subsidized rate of interest. Some of the major financial institutions are EXIM Bank, RBI, and other financial institutions and banks. EXIM India is the major bank in the field of export and import of India. It has introduced various schemes like for




Q.4. In its normal course of business, a bank faces many risks. Explain the types of risk in corporate banking.

Answer:Risk management in banks is a relatively newer practice, but has already shown to increase efficiency in governing of these banks as such procedures tend to increase the corporate governance of a financial institution. In times of volatility and fluctuations in the market, financial institutions need to prove their mettle by withstanding the market variations and achieve sustainability in terms of growth and well as have a stable share value. Hence, an essential component of risk management framework would be to mitigate all the risks



Q.5. Write short notes on:

a) Forward transaction

A Forward Exchange Contract is a contract between St.George Bank Ltd and you where the Bank agrees to BUY from you, or SELL to you, foreign currency on a fixed future date, at a fixed rate of exchange. You undertake to pay the Bank, the overseas currency in terms of the contract in exchange for the settlement currency, which would usually be Australian Dollars.

The Bank can provide a Forward Exchange Contract in most overseas currencies, for the protection of Exporters and Importers who are



b) Swap transaction

Currency swap transactions involve the purchase of a currency for a specific period of time, agreeing on the sale of the currency on a specific date in future, with a pre-determined exchange rate and the same sum.Swap transactions essentially involve two currency exchange transactions – spot (settlement today) and forward (settlement in future).

Benefits
·         You can purchase the currency that you need for a certain period of time, avoiding possible losses caused by shifts in currency

Q.6. In Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India (FEDAI) explain the objectives, role and responsibilities of FEDAI. Explain the main features of Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA).

Answer: Established in 1958, FEDAI (Foreign Exchange Dealers' Association of India) is a group of banks that deals in foreign exchange in India as a self regulatory body under the Section 25 of the Indian Company Act (1956).

The role and responsibilities of FEDAI are as follows:

·         Formulations of FEDAI guidelines and FEDAI rules for Forex business.
·         Training of bank personnel in the areas of Foreign Exchange Business.
·         Accreditation of Forex Brokers.
·         Advising/Assisting member banks in se
·          

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MA0042 &TREASURY MANAGEMENT

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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2014
PROGRAM
MBADS (SEM 4/SEM 6)MBAFLEX/ MBA (SEM 4)
PGDBMN (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
MA0042 &TREASURY MANAGEMENT
BK ID
B1813
CREDITS
4
MARKS
60


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q.1. Write the role of financial system in economic development. Explain the functioning of financial system.

Answer:The economic development of any country is dependent on its financial system -- its banks, stock markets, insurance sector, pension funds and a government-run central bank with authority -- or at least influence -- over currency and interest rates. In developed countries, these two sides of the economic coin work together to promote growth and avoid runaway price inflation. When a country is still in a developing stage, the lack of a strong, sound financial system generally works against the national economy. 

Banking Systems: Banks are the cornerstone of a national financial system. Their key services are to provide a safe haven for the earnings of individuals and loans to companies in need of capital, either to start operating or to stay in business. Without this source of available capital, businesses would be hard-pressed to continue growing and



Q.2.Under the foreign exchange exposure management explain the transaction exposure with an example and analysis. Explain translation exposure with example and also economic exposure with example.

Answer:Transaction exposure:The risk, faced by companies involved in international trade, that currency exchange rates will change after the companies have already entered into financial obligations. Such exposure to fluctuating exchange rates can lead to major losses for firms. Often, when a company identifies such exposure to changing exchange rates, it will choose to implement a hedging strategy, using forward rates to lock in an exchange rate and thus eliminate the exposure to the risk.

A firm has transaction exposure whenever it has contractual cash flows (receivables and payables) whose values are subject to unanticipated changes in exchange rates due to a contract being denominated in a foreign currency. To realize the domestic value of its foreign-denominated cash flows, the firm must exchange foreign currency for domestic currency. As firms negotiate contracts with set prices and delivery dates in the face of a volatile foreign exchange market with exchange rates constantly fluctuating, the firms face



Q.3.Explain the individual currency limits with individual gap limit and aggregate gap limit. Write about the value at risk.

Answer:Using unique online currency transactions, we examine the performance, trading activity, drawdown, and timing abilities of individual currency traders. Evidence from 428 currency accounts during the 2004–2009 period shows that currency traders earn positive abnormal returns, even after accounting for transaction costs. The results also show that day traders not only trade more frequently than non-day traders, but also outperform them in terms of raw, a passive benchmark and risk-adjusted returns.

Using a unique online currency transactions dataset, we examine the performance, trading activity, drawdown, and timing abilities of individual currency traders. Evidence from 428 accounts during the 2004–2009 period shows that currency




Q.4 Write short notes on:

a) Methods of cash-flow forecasting

Cash flow forecasting or cash flow management is a key aspect of financial management of a business, planning its future cash requirements to avoid a crisis of liquidity.  Cash flow forecasting is important because if a business runs out of cash and is not able to obtain new finance, it will become insolvent. Cash flow is the life-blood of all businesses—particularly start-ups and small enterprises. As a result, it is essential that management forecast (predict) what is going to happen to cash flow to make sure the business has enough to survive.




b)Liquidity forecasting

For market operations to be effective, the Reserve Bank must construct forecasts of exogenous liquidity movements. Each morning, forecasts of that day's flows are needed to guide the direction and size of market operations. Forecasts of future system cash movements are also required, to ensure appropriate preferred terms are selected so that unwinding repos smooth rather than exacerbate system cash movements.

To construct its liquidity forecasts, the Reserve Bank gathers information from a wide variety of sources. Extensive liaison is conducted with many departments and agencies within the Australian Government and other clients to ascertain the timing and size of their payments and receipts. Longer-term information is available from Australian Government Budget papers, and observed historical patterns provide important



c) Market instruments

In the financial marketplace, a distinction is made between the capital markets and the money markets. The capital market is a source of intermediate-term to long-term financing in the form of equity or debt securities with maturities of more than one year. The money market provides very short-term funds to corporations, municipalities and the United States government. Money market securities are debt issues with



Q.5.Capital adequacy is one of the major indicators of the financial health of a banking entity. Explain about capital adequacy and its ratio measures.
Also explain the ratios that are necessary under the assets quality.

Capital adequacy and its ratio measures
Explanation of ratio under assets quality

Answer:Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), also known as Capital to Risk (Weighted) Assets Ratio (CRAR), is the ratio of a bank's capital to its risk. National regulators track a bank's CAR to ensure that it can absorb a reasonable amount of loss and complies with statutory Capital requirements.  It is a measure of a bank's capital. It is expressed as a percentage of a bank's risk weighted credit exposures.  This ratio is used to protect depositors and promote the stability and efficiency of financial systems around the world.  Two types o


Q.6.Treasury has become an integral part of all business functions. Explain the areas in which Information technology plays an effective role. Write about cloud technology and treasury applications.

Answer:Information technology (IT) has become a vital and integral part of every business plan. From multi-national corporations who maintain mainframe systems and databases to small businesses that own a single computer, IT plays a role. The reasons for the omnipresent use of computer technology in business can best be determined by looking at how it is being used across the business world.

·         Communication: For many companies, email is the principal means of communication between employees, suppliers and customers. Email was one of the early drivers of the Internet, providing a simple and

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MA0041 & MERCHANT BANKING AND FINANCIAL SERVICES

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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2014
PROGRAM
MBADS (SEM 4/SEM 6)MBAFLEX/ MBA (SEM 4)
PGDBMN (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
BK ID
B1812
CREDITS
4
MARKS
60


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q.1. Explain the maintenance of books of accounts, records etc. under the general obligations and responsibilities of merchant bankers.

Answer:Every asset management company for each scheme shall keep and maintain proper books of accounts, records and documents, for each scheme so as to explain its transactions and to disclose at any point of time the financial position of each scheme and in particular give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the fund and intimate to the Board the place where such books of accounts, records and documents are maintained. The asset management company shall follow the accounting policies and standards as specified in Ninth Schedule so as to provide appropriate details of the scheme wise disposition of the assets of the fund at the relevant accounting date and the performance during that period together with information regarding distribution or accumulation of income accruing to the unitholder in a fair and true manner.

Maintenance of books of accounts, records, etc.

Every Portfolio Manager shall keep and




Q.2. The methodology of issuing securities by giving a price range is known as book building method. A book building is a price discovery mechanism. Based on this write the methods and guidelines of book building. Explain the offer in a prospectus on book building 75 percent. Write the key role of the under writer and benefits for the company.

Answer: Book building is a process of generating, capturing, and recording investor demand for shares during an initial public offering (IPO), or other securities during their issuance process, in order to support efficient price discovery. Usually, the issuer appoints a major investment bank to act as a major securities underwriter or bookrunner.

The "book" is the off-market collation of investor demand by the bookrunner and is confidential to the bookrunner, issuer, and underwriter. Where shares are acquired, or transferred via a bookbuild, the transfer occurs off-market, and the transfer is not guaranteed by an exchange’s clearing house. Where an underwriter has been appointed, the underwriter bears the risk of non-payment by an acquirer or non-delivery by the seller.

Book building is a common practice in developed countries and has recently been making inroads into emerging markets as well. Bids may be submitted on-line, but the book is maintained off-market by the bookrunner and bids are confidential to the bookrunner. Unlike a public issue, the book building route will see minimum number of applications and large order size per application. The price at which new shares are issued is


Q.3. Bancassurance means selling insurance product through banks. Give a brief introduction of bancassurance and write the benefits of bancassurance to the banks and insurance companies.

Answer:Bancassurance arrangements are very common in Europe, where the practice has a long history. In the United States, bancassurance was prohibited until the repeal of the Glass Steagall Act in 1999, and has not yet caught on as a practice for most forms of insurance. Bancassurance remains prohibited in a number of other countries; however, the global trend has been toward the liberalization of banking laws.

The bank insurance model (BIM), also sometimes known as bancassurance, is the partnership or relationship between a bank and an insurance company whereby the insurance company uses the bank sales channel in order to sell insurance




Q.4.Explain the procedure for mergers under the merchant banking.

Answer:A merchant bank is a financial institution that provides capital to companies in the form of share ownership instead of loans. A merchant bank also provides advisory on corporate matters to the firms they lend to. In the United Kingdom, the term "merchant bank" refers to an investment bank.

The term Merchant Banking has its origin in the trading methods of countries in thelate eighteenth and early nineteenth century when trade-taking place was financed by bill of exchange drawn by merchanting houses. At that time the merchants weremerely financing their own activities. As international trade grew and other lesser” known names wanted to import goods from abroad, the established merchants “lenttheir names‘ to the newcomers by agreeing to accept bills of exchange on their behalf.The acceptance houses




Q.5. Explain the concept of credit rating. Write the important parameters of a company under credit rating and aim of credit rating.

Answer:It is an assessment of the credit worthiness of a borrower in general terms or with respect to a particular debt or financial obligation. A credit rating can be assigned to any entity that seeks to borrow money – an individual, corporation, state or provincial authority, or sovereign government. Credit assessment and evaluation for companies and governments is generally done by a credit rating agency such as Standard & Poor’s or Moody’s. These rating agencies are paid by the entity that is seeking a credit rating for itself or for one of its debt issues. For individuals, credit ratings are derived from the credit history maintained by credit-reporting agencies such as Equifax, Experian and TransUnion.

Credit ratings for borrowers are based on substantial due diligence conducted by the rating agencies. While a borrower will strive to have the highest possible credit rating since it has a major impact on interest rates charged by lenders, the




Q. 6. Money market is a financial instruments and financial assets that are traded. Explain the features of money markets in India. Write down the important participants of in money market.

Explanation of features of money markets in India
Important participants of money markets
Answer:The main features of Indian Money Market are as follows:

1. Dichotomy:The Indian Money market is divided between two sectors, namely organised sector and unorganised sector. There is very little cooperation and contact between them.Consequently the rate of interest in both the markets varies widely.

2. Seasonal Variations:Considering the demand f

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MS-91: Advanced Strategic Management

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ASSIGNMENT

Course Code                                                      :                                               MS-91
Course Title                                                       :                                               Advanced Strategic Management
Assignment Code                                            :                                               MS-91/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage                                                             :                                               All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

Q.1. a) What is corporate planning and what are the benefits of corporate planning‘!
b) Identify the reasons attributed to the failure of corporate planning and the pre- requisites for its success.

Answer:a)Corporate planning is a process used by businesses to map out a course of action that will result in revenue growth and increased profits. Although large corporations may have staff members -- or entire departments -- devoted to performing the planning function, small business owners can become proficient through learning basic concepts and putting forth the effort necessary to create a comprehensive plan.

·         Process: Effective planning requires gathering data about the projected growth of the industry and information about competitors -- their strengths, weaknesses and the strategies they are deploying. The


Q.2. Explain the role of the Board in Strategic Management and the process of creating an effective Board in detail.

Answer:A pivotal role of the Board of Directors is to provide leadership in the development and execution of a Strategic Plan. Oversight by the Board will assist in creating the conditions for success by fundamentally ensuring that there exists alignment with strategic direction, that expectations are realistic and that risks and opportunities are capable of being managed throughout the timeline of the plan.

What must be clear from the outset is the role both Directors and Management play in the process of developing the plan. The Board needs to confirm and endorse the CEO as being the responsibility centre for the process leading to the development of a Strategic Plan. The Chair of the Board of Directors must work with the CEO to develop




Q.3. Discuss market structures and competitive advantage in detail.

Answer:It is the interconnected characteristics of a market, such as the number and relative strength of buyers and sellers and degree of collusion among them, level and forms of competition, extent of product differentiation, and ease of entry into and exit from the market.

Four basic types of market structure are
(1) Perfect competition: many buyers and sellers, none being able to influence prices.
(2) Oligopoly: several large sellers who have some control over the prices.
(3) Monopoly: single seller with considerable control



Q.4.What is Knowledge Management (KM)? Discuss the benefits and challenges of KM with real world examples.

Answer:The full scope of knowledge management (KM) is not something that is universally accepted. However, before one looks at the differences in the definitions, let's examine the similarities.

KM is about making the right knowledge available to the right people. It is about making sure that an organization can learn, and that it will be able to retrieve and use its knowledge assets in current applications as they are needed. In the words of Peter Drucker it is "the coordination and exploitation of organizational knowledge


Q.5. Explain the role of Information ‘Technology (IT) in strategy implementation and how does it assist in enhancing the competitiveness of a firm.

Answer:Information technology often provides a manufacturing‐based competitive advantage. Information technology can assist manufacturing firms in developing their strategic roles. Discusses a continuum of four strategic roles of the contribution of information technology in manufacturing firms. Any enhancement of manufacturing firm’s competitive position tends to take place through systematic movement from one stage to an adjacent one, with the ultimate objective of becoming a world‐class manufacturer.

Draws on a strategic alignment model of manufacturing management and information technology, which is defined in terms of four domains of



Q.6. Highlight the key developmentsin business environment for better transparency and comprehensive reporting for business organizations.

Answer:To be effective and relevant to an individual company's specific circumstances, business principles should be developed and implemented by the companies themselves. The thousands of multinational enterprises throughout the world face widely differing conditions in the various countries in which they operate. Moreover, many more companies have international activities directly or indirectly through purchasing and contracting. Company principles must be sufficiently flexible to reflect the diversity of firms as well as that of their suppliers and business partners. A "one-size-fits-all" approach is incompatible with the great diversity that exists within business, although some examples mentioned below

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