BT9403, Virtual Reality

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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE	WINTER 2016
PROGRAM	BSc IT
SEMESTER	SIXTH
SUBJECT CODE & NAME	BT9403, Virtual Reality
BK ID	B1368
CREDITS	4
MARKS	60

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Question.1. With the help of block diagram explain Convolvotron.

Answer:Early on in the development of virtual reality, it was seen that sound should have some type of interactive, spatial character imposed on it. At NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California, the development of one of the first "goggles and gloves" virtual reality systems in the mid-1980s by Scott Fisher and his colleagues was paralleled with the development of one of the first interactive, virtual auditory displays (Wenzel, Wightman, and Foster, 1988). The 3-D audio display termed the Convolvotron^'^ by its developers, Elizabeth Wenzel and Scott Foster, was developed separately from the visual portion of the NASA virtual

Question.2. Explain haptic feedback and sensing.

Answer:Haptic or kinesthetic communication recreates the sense of touch by applying forces, vibrations, or motions to the user. This mechanical stimulation can be used to assist in the creation of virtual objects in a computer simulation, to control such virtual objects, and to enhance the remote control of machines and devices (telerobotics). Haptic devices may incorporate tactile sensors that measure forces exerted by the user on

Question.3. Write short notes on:

a. Multiple pipeline synchronization

Answer:Most project environments do not have the luxury of being able to focus on only one effort. Most project environments are multi-project environments

b. Distributed VR engine

Answer:Distributed VR is very simple; a simulated world runs not on one computer system, but on several. The computers are connected over a network (possibly the global Internet) and people using those computers are able to interact in real time, sharing the same virtual world. In theory, people can be sitting at home in London, Paris, New York and Edmonton, all interacting in a meaningful way in VR.

It’s clear that there are a number of obstacles to be

Question.4. Explain the first stage of haptic rendering.

Answer:When exploring virtual environments, we interact with objects through the end point of the probe, known as the Haptic Interface Point (HIP). At the same time, we also consider another point, named as the Ideal Haptic Interface Point (IHIP) -similar to the so called god-object point (Zilles and Salisbury, 1995)- to follow the trace of the HIP. The HIP is not constrained and, therefore, it can penetrate the object. However, we constrain the IHIP such that it doesn’t penetrate any object. When the HIP is outside the virtual object, the IHIP will be coincident with the HIP. If HIP penetrates a virtual object, the IHIP will stay on the surface of the object.

Question.5.Explain the process of automatic cell segmentation.

Answer:With the rapid development of microscopy for cell imaging, there is a strong and growing demand for image analysis software to quantitatively study cell morphology. Automatic cell segmentation is an important step in image analysis. Despite substantial progress, there is still a need to improve the accuracy, efficiency, and adaptability to different cell morphologies. In this paper, we propose a fully automatic method for

Question.6. What are the advantages of stereopsis?

Answer:Stereopsis (from the Greek στερεο- stereo- meaning "solid", and ὄψιςopsis, "appearance, sight") is a term that is most often used to refer to the perception of depth and 3-dimensional structure obtained on the basis of visual information deriving from two eyes by individuals with normally developed binocular vision. Because the eyes of humans, and many animals, are located at different lateral positions on the head, binocular vision results in two slightly different images projected to the retinas of the eyes. The differences are

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